|
The Swedes ((スウェーデン語:svear); Old Norse: ''svíar / suar'' (probably from the PIE reflexive pronominal root *s(w)e, "one's own ()";〔(Pokorny. Indogermanisches Etymologisches Woerterbuch. 1959 )〕〔Bandle, Oskar. 2002. The Nordic languages: an international handbook of the history of the North Germanic languages. 2002. P.391〕 Old English: ''Sweonas'') were a North Germanic tribe. The first author who might have written about the tribe is Tacitus, who in his ''Germania'', from 98 CE mentions the ''Suiones''. Jordanes, in the sixth century, mentions ''Suehans'' and ''Sueones''. According to early sources such as the sagas, especially ''Heimskringla'', the Swedes were a powerful tribe whose kings claimed descendence from the god Freyr. During the Viking Age they constituted the basis of the Varangian subset, the Vikings that travelled eastwards (see Rus' people). ==On the name== As the dominions of the Swedish kings grew, the name of the tribe could be applied more generally during the Middle Ages to include also the Geats. Later it again meant only the people inhabiting the original tribal lands in Svealand, rather than the Geats. In modern North Germanic languages, the adjectival form ''svensk'' and its plural ''svenskar'' have replaced the name ''svear'' and is, today, used to denote all the citizens of Sweden. The distinction between the tribal Swedes (''svear'') and modern Swedes (''svenskar'') appears to have been in effect by the early 20th century, when ''Nordisk familjebok'' noted that ''svenskar'' had almost replaced ''svear'' as a name for the Swedish people.〔(The article ''Sverige'', ''språkv.'' in ''Nordisk familjebok'' )〕 Although this distinction is convention in modern Norwegian, Danish and Swedish, Icelandic and Faroese do not distinguish between ''svíar'' (Icelandic) or ''sviar'' (Faroese) and ''sænskir'' (Icelandic) or ''svenskarar'' (Faroese) as words for modern Swedes.〔(The recommendations of the Council for the Faroese Language on nationality words )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Swedes (Germanic tribe)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|